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People vs. Gumba

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, VS. RIZALINA JANARIO GUMBA A.K.A. "MOMMY RIZA" AND GLORIA BUENO RELLAMA A.K.A. "MOMMY GLO," ACCUSED-APPELLANTS.

G.R. No. 260823 | 2023-06-26

D E C I S I O N
 
LEONEN, ACTING C.J.:
 
To sustain a conviction for qualified human trafficking, in the form of trafficking minors for prostitution, the State must establish the concurrence of the following elements:[1] (1) the act, which can be the "recruitment, obtaining, hiring, providing, offering, transportation, transfer, maintaining, harboring, or receipt of persons with or without the victim's consent or knowledge, within or across national borders";[2] (2) "[t]he means used," which include "threat, or use of force, or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud, deception,...