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Alvarado vs. Ayala Land Inc.

SAMUEL M. ALVARADO, PETITIONER, V. AYALA LAND, INC., AYALA HILLSIDE ESTATES HOMEOWNERS' ASSOCIATION, INC., ALEXANDER P. AGUIRRE, HORACIO PAREDES, RICARDO F. DE LEON, REYNATO Y. SAWIT, AGUSTIN N. PEREZ, GERONIMO M. COLLADO, EMMANUEL C. CHING, MACABANGKIT LANTO, MANUEL DIZON, TARCISIO CALILUNG, IRINEO AGUIRRE, ERNESTO ORTIZ LUIS, BERNARDO JAMBALOS III, FRANCISCO ARCILLANA, LUIS S. TANJANGCO, AND PABLITO VILLEGAS, RESPONDENTS.

G.R. No. 208426 | 2017-09-20

D E C I S I O N
 
LEONEN, J.:
 
 
Two (2) categories of motions to dismiss may be recognized under the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure: first, those that must be filed ahead of an answer, and second, those that may be entertained even after an answer has been filed. Motions to dismiss under the first category may plead any of the 10 grounds under Rule 16, Section 1.[1] Those under the second category may only plead four (4) of Rule 16, Section 1 's 10 grounds: lack of jurisdiction over the subject matter, litis pendentia, res judicata, and prescription. In addition to these four (4) grounds, motions to dismiss under...